{"id":20378,"date":"2022-04-26T17:53:38","date_gmt":"2022-04-26T15:53:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/?p=20378"},"modified":"2022-04-26T19:07:48","modified_gmt":"2022-04-26T17:07:48","slug":"hluk-na-pracovisti-ovlivnuje-zdravi-i-produktivitu-jak-mu-efektivne-celit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/hluk-na-pracovisti-ovlivnuje-zdravi-i-produktivitu-jak-mu-efektivne-celit\/","title":{"rendered":"Hluk na pracovi\u0161ti ovliv\u0148uje zdrav\u00ed i produktivitu. Jak mu efektivn\u011b \u010delit?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Vysok\u00fd a dlouho trvaj\u00edc\u00ed hluk m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt velmi \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na lidsk\u00fd organismus. P\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed hygienick\u00fdch limit\u016f hluku m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bku mimo jin\u00e9 zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 poruchy sp\u00e1nku, <\/strong><strong>kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou \u010di dokonce \u00faplnou ztr\u00e1tu sluchu. Poj\u010fme se u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne bezpe\u010dnosti a ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci (28. dubna) zam\u011b\u0159it na zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou z&nbsp;pohledu hluku rizikov\u00e1. A jak je mo\u017en\u00e9 se proti hluku na pracovi\u0161ti \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b br\u00e1nit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Definice p\u0159ijat\u00e1 Sv\u011btovou zdravotnickou organizac\u00ed pova\u017euje za hluk jak\u00fdkoliv necht\u011bn\u00fd zdroj zvuku <a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>.&nbsp; Hluk d\u011bl\u00edme na relativn\u00ed, kter\u00fd ovliv\u0148uje na\u0161i psychiku a pohybuje se kolem 35 dB a absolutn\u00ed, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit fyziologick\u00e9 funkce, nebo po\u0161kodit n\u00e1\u0161 sluch. \u201e<em>K po\u0161kozen\u00ed sluchu u \u010dlov\u011bka m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt p\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9m p\u016fsoben\u00ed hluku v rozmez\u00ed 85 dB &#8211; 110 dB. <\/em><em>Hluk nad 130 dB ji\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 bolest a vede k nevratn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed sluchov\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu,<\/em><em>\u201c<\/em>objas\u0148uje <strong>Iveta Kr\u00e1lov\u00e1, Key Segments Manager ze spole\u010dnosti Ecophon, <\/strong>kter\u00e1 bezm\u00e1la 40 let vyv\u00edj\u00ed a prod\u00e1v\u00e1 akustick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my na absorpci hluku.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Dopady hluku na zdrav\u00ed i pr\u00e1ci<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dlouhodob\u00fd pobyt v hlu\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1 \u0159adu negativn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f. Krom\u011b ztr\u00e1ty sluchu, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed velmi pomalu a pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u011b, n\u00e1s hluk ohro\u017euje i v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m fungov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zp\u016fsobuje \u00fanavu, podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost a ztr\u00e1tu koncentrace, co\u017e je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 na pracovi\u0161ti probl\u00e9m. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 vyru\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1 vliv na na\u0161i v\u00fdkonnost. Podle kalifornsk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f trv\u00e1 pracovn\u00edkovi v pr\u016fm\u011bru 33 minut, ne\u017e se po p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee vr\u00e1tit na p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 koncentrace <a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>. Rozd\u00edly ve v\u00fdkonnosti jsou markantn\u00ed zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly, u nich\u017e je podle v\u011bdc\u016f v\u00fdkonnost v hlu\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u017e o 50 % m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e1 <a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Nejhlu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U\u017e od roku 1963 je hluk na pracovi\u0161ti uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n jako p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina nemoc\u00ed z&nbsp;povol\u00e1n\u00ed. Zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, kde se s&nbsp;v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm hlukem setk\u00e1v\u00e1me, je pom\u011brn\u011b hodn\u011b. Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o d\u011blnick\u00e9 profese, ale tak\u00e9 n\u00e1kupn\u00ed centra,&nbsp;pohostinstv\u00ed nebo callcentra. Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad obsluhujete je\u0159\u00e1b nebo sva\u0159ujete, vystavujete se hladin\u011b hluku okolo 90 dB. V kov\u00e1rn\u011b nebo p\u0159i u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obr\u00e1b\u011bc\u00edho stroje se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat se 110 dB, stejn\u011b jako v&nbsp;hudebn\u00edm klubu. P\u0159\u00edklepov\u00e1 vrta\u010dka dokonce dosahuje a\u017e 120 dB, co\u017e u\u017e je m\u00edra hluku bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se nevratn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed sluchu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nen\u00ed bez zaj\u00edmavosti, \u017ee z&nbsp;pohledu hluku b\u00fdvaj\u00ed velmi rizikov\u00e1 i zdravotnick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: <em>\u201eNa s\u00e1lech se kup\u0159\u00edkladu b\u011bhem ortopedick\u00fdch operac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee \u00farove\u0148 hluku vy\u0161plhat a\u017e k 110 dB! To je \u00farove\u0148, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 hluku sb\u00edje\u010dky a ji\u017e z\u00e1sadn\u011b \u0161kod\u00ed sluchu. Nav\u00edc logicky v\u00fdrazn\u011b zt\u011b\u017euje komunikaci person\u00e1lu,\u201c<\/em>&nbsp;objas\u0148uje&nbsp;<strong>Iveta Kr\u00e1lov\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Jak\u00e9 je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159\u00edjemn\u011b tich\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed se pohybuje kolem 30 dB. Pro kancel\u00e1\u0159 je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed hlukov\u00e1 hladina mezi 20 a\u017e 40 dB <a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>. Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy 272\/2011 Sb., rozli\u0161uje t\u0159i hygienick\u00e9 limity p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pro pr\u00e1ci n\u00e1ro\u010dnou na pozornost a soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed je limit 50 dB.<\/li>\n<li>Hygienick\u00fd limit pro pracovi\u0161t\u011b ve stavb\u00e1ch pro v\u00fdrobu a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed, kde hluk nevznik\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed, ale je zp\u016fsobena v\u011btrac\u00edm nebo vyt\u00e1p\u011bc\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm je 70 dB <a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">P\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fd expozi\u010dn\u00ed limit ust\u00e1len\u00e9ho a prom\u011bnn\u00e9ho hluku p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci \u010din\u00ed 85 dB.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Jak sn\u00ed\u017eit hluk na pracovi\u0161ti?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a hygienick\u00e9 limity zvuku ji\u017e zn\u00e1me. Co kdy\u017e je ale pracovi\u0161t\u011b nespl\u0148uje? N\u011bkdy sta\u010d\u00ed k&nbsp;n\u00e1prav\u011b opravdu jen m\u00e1lo &#8211; nap\u0159\u00edklad reorganizace interi\u00e9ru a p\u0159esun pracovn\u00edho m\u00edsta d\u00e1le od zdroje hluku. Ve v\u00fdrobn\u00edch hal\u00e1ch, kde toto mo\u017en\u00e9 nen\u00ed, se b\u011b\u017en\u011b u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky, jako jsou sluch\u00e1tkov\u00e9 chr\u00e1ni\u010de a \u0161punty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mezi nejprakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se pak \u0159ad\u00ed instalace akustick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 pohlcuj\u00ed zvuk. <em>\u201eJedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159\u00edklad o speci\u00e1ln\u00ed akustick\u00e9 st\u011bny a podhledy vyroben\u00e9 ze skeln\u00e9 vaty, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dnou schopnost absorbovat zvuk. N\u011bkter\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, jako je akustick\u00e1 om\u00edtka Fade, je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 aplikovat na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed povrchy v\u010detn\u011b klenut\u00fdch \u010di zak\u0159iven\u00fdch strop\u016f,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Kr\u00e1lov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> https:\/\/www.mayer.cz\/grafika\/0\/10\/praxe01_1070.pdf<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> The effect of noise absorption variation in open-plan offices: A field study with a cross-over design, Seddigh A. a kol., Journal of Environmental Psychology 44 (2015)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Effect of noise on intellectual performance, Weinstein, University of California, Berkeley, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1974<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> MICHAL\u00cdK David. <em>Optim\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/B1465B7C-2A10-4EC0-90BD-0E6C2C98C351#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.khszlin.cz\/wcd\/pages\/extranet\/organizacni-struktura\/odbor-hygieny-prace\/clanky\/19102018-hluk-na-pracovisti.pdf<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-content\/uploads\/TZ-Ecophon-Hluk-na-pracovisti-a-jak-mu-celit.docx\" class=\"sc_button sc_button_style_regular theme_button sc_button_size_medium\">St\u00e1hnout tiskovou zpr\u00e1vu<\/a>\nngg_shortcode_0_placeholder\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vysok\u00fd a dlouho trvaj\u00edc\u00ed hluk m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt velmi \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na lidsk\u00fd organismus. P\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed hygienick\u00fdch limit\u016f hluku m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bku mimo jin\u00e9 zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 poruchy sp\u00e1nku, kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou \u010di dokonce \u00faplnou ztr\u00e1tu sluchu. Poj\u010fme se u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne bezpe\u010dnosti a ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci (28. dubna) zam\u011b\u0159it na zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20372,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[252],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20378"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20378"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20388,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20378\/revisions\/20388"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20372"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phoenixcom.cz\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}